White Paper on International Economy and Trade 2019

NOTE： Only Part Ⅱ of the white paper is translated into English. Part I and Part Ⅲ are only available in Japanese

• Introduction(PDF:252KB)
• Table of Contents(PDF:219KB)
• Explanatory Notes(PDF:121KB)

Part II The current global economy and challenges to free trade

Chapter 1 Deeper cross-border integration of the global economy

• Section 1 Increasing economic interdependence among economies(PDF:4,808KB)
• Section 2 Economic relations of each country/region with the U.S. and China(PDF:2,234KB)

Chapter 2 The rise of protectionism and the need to reestablish the international trading system

• Section 1 The history of protectionism and the development of free trade(PDF:357KB)
• Section 2 Background of imposition of trade restrictive measures(PDF:1,271KB)
• Section 3 Negative impacts caused by trade restrictive measures(PDF:2,131KB)
• Section 4 The need to reestablish the international trading system(PDF:556KB)

Chapter 3 Japan’s external economic relations and future challenges

• Section 1 Foreign trade and investment(PDF:1,164KB)
• Section 2 Global value chains(PDF:1,181KB)
• Section 3 The presence of Japan in Asia and future challenges of Japanese companies/industries(PDF:1,812KB)
• Addendum(PDF:120KB)
• References(PDF:318KB)
• List of Figures and Tables(PDF:221KB)